Aflad tildelt for at bede den Hellige Rosenkrans
Aflad generelt
Alle synder vi begår opbygger en timelig syndsstraf, selvom vi får dem tilgivet gennem Bodens Sakramente, og denne straf skal afsones enten i dette eller det næste liv - dvs. skærsilden. Kirken definer to former for aflad, og vi kan modtage begge enten for os selv eller en der er afdød (dvs. man kan ikke tjene en aflad for en stadigt levende):
Fuld aflad (Indulgentia plenaria) - fjerner alt timelig syndsstraf fra en sjæl.
Delvis aflad (Indulgentia partialis) - fjerner kun delvist syndsstraf fra en sjæl.
For at opnå fuld aflad skal fire betingelser opnås:
at modtage Bodens sakramente.
at modtage den Hellige Kommunion.
at bede for pavens intentioner (minimum er en Ave Maria og en Pater noster, men det er tilladt at udskifte dem med anden tilsvarende bøn.)
at fra kaste sig alt form for tilknytning og hengivelse til både alvorlig og svaghedssynd.
Hvis særligt denne 4. betingelse ikke er opfyldt, eller hvis nogle af de andre 3 er mangelfulde, så bliver der kun opnået delvis aflad. Derudover skal intentionen om at opnå aflad være tilstede.
Det er anbefalet at man modtager Kommunionen og beder for pavens intentioner på dagen hvorpå man iværksætter opnåelsen af afladen, men Kirken forskriver at det også kan gøres flere dage i forvejen eller efterfølgerne. Det samme gælder for modtagelsen af Bodens sakramente, dog er en enkelt gang til skrifte rigeligt for at opnå flere fulde aflad, dog skal hvert fulde aflad associeres med en selvstændig modtagelse af Kommunion samt bøn for pavens intentioner - og fuld aflad kan normalvis kun opnås maksimalt en gang om dagen.
Rosenkransens aflad
For at opnå fuld aflad ved at bede Rosenkransen, skal den enten siges i en Kirke, (kapel, eller lignende), som en familie enhed, med en religiøs ordnen eller i en anden from forening.
Derudover skal følgende betingelser opnås:
Det er tilstrækkeligt kun at bede en tredjedel af Rosenkransen, men disse fem led skal siges kontinuerligt.
Når bønnerne siges skal meditationen af mysterier være tilstede.
Hvis der bedes i gruppe, skal mysterierne annonceres.
Derudover opnås der også delvis aflad ved hellig brug af en rosenkranskæde (mm.) retmæssigt velsignet af en præst.
Kilder
William T. Barry’s (C.SS.R.) oversættelse af ENCHIRIDION INDULGENTIARUM 2. udgivelse.
Enchiridion Indulgentiarum, oversat “Afladshåndbogen” er Kirkens officielle dokument hvori alle de værk der kan opnås enten fuld eller delvis aflad ved er beskrevet, og alt det som der ikke står heri, er ikke associeret med aflad længere.
48. Recitation of the Marian Rosary (Rosarii marialis recitatio)
A plenary indulgence is granted, if the Rosary is recited in a church or public oratory or in a family group, a religious Community or pious Association; a partial indulgence is granted in other circumstances. "Now the Rosary is a certain formula of prayer, which is made up of fifteen decades of "Hail Marys" with an "Our Father" before each decade, and in which the recitation of each decade is accompanied by pious meditation on a particular mystery of our Redemption." (Roman Breviary) The name "Rosary," however, is commonly used in reference to only a third part of the fifteen decades.
The gaining of the plenary indulgence is regulated by the following norms:
The recitation of a third part only of the Rosary suffices; but the five decades must be recited continuously.
The vocal recitation must be accompanied by pious meditation on the mysteries.
In public recitation the mysteries must be announced in the manner customary in the place; for private recitation, however, it suffices if the vocal recitation is accompanied by meditation on the mysteries.
For those belonging to the Oriental rites, amongst whom this devotion is not practiced, the Patriarchs can determine some other prayers in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary (for those of the Byzantine rite, for example, the Hymn "Akathistos" or the Office "Paraclisis"); to the prayers thus determined are accorded the same indulgences as for the Rosary.
NORMS ON INDULGENCES
1. An indulgence is the remission before God of the temporal punishment due for sins already forgiven as far as their guilt is concerned. This remission the faithful with the proper dispositions and under certain determined conditions acquire through the intervention of the Church which, as minister of the Redemption, authoritatively dispenses and applies the treasury of the satisfaction won by Christ and the Saints.
2. An indulgence is partial or plenary, according as it removes either part or all of the temporal punishment due for sin.
3. No one, acquiring indulgences, can apply them to other living persons.
4. Partial as well as plenary indulgences can always be applied to the departed by way of suffrage.
5. The grant of a partial indulgence is designated only with the words "partial indulgence," without any etermination of days or years.
6. The faithful, who at least with contrite heart perform an action to which a partial indulgence is attached, obtain, in addition to the remission of temporal punishment acquired by the action itself, an equal remission of punishment through the intervention of the Church.
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19. The faithful, who devoutly use an article of devotion (crucifix or cross, rosary, scapular or medal) properly blessed by any priest, obtain a partial indulgence.
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26. To acquire a plenary indulgence it is necessary to perform the work to which the indulgence is attached and to fulfill the following three conditions: sacramental confession, eucharistic Communion, and prayer for the intention of the Sovereign Pontiff. It is further required that all attachment to sin, even venial sin. be absent.
If the latter disposition is in any way less than perfect or if the prescribed three conditions are not fulfilled, the indulgence will be partial only …
27. The three conditions may be fulfilled several days before or after the performance of the prescribed work; it is, however, fitting that Communion be received and the prayer for the intention of the Sovereign Pontiff be said on the same day the work is performed.
28. A single sacramental confession suffices for gaining several plenary indulgences; but Communion must be received and prayer for the intention of the Sovereign Pontiff must be recited for the gaining of each plenary indulgence.
29. The condition of praying for the intention of the Sovereign Pontiff is fully satisfied by reciting one Our Father and one Hail Mary; nevertheless, each one is free to recite any other prayer according to his piety and devotion.